All layers:

• Kazadian: the original chthonian nation. They bond to flint and dwell in the vertical kingdom of Akazad that runs from the surface of the world to the depths of Barathrum.

The Lithosphere:

• Dhelghorian: chthonians who bond to gneiss and dwell in Dhelghor, a city carved into the side of a vertical tunnel. They wield mijjit.
• Gorimalgan: chthonians who bond to whiteschist and own complex businesses where they ruthlessly exploit their workers. They wield drenante and dwell in Gorimalgh.
• Hamandian: chthonians who bond to greenschist and favor simple temples in small towns. They honor spirits, wield spirit energy, protect the tunnel to the Spirit Gate far below in Shadowdeep, and dwell in Furrh-Hamand.
• Karmandian: chthonians who bond to shale and favor beautiful homes with larges hearths. They wield hegnh and dwell in Karmand.
• Wylohian: chthonians who bond to sandstone and wield hamasat al-sahra in order to best shape it. They dwell in Wyloh-Haaf.

The Grottos:

• Andarakhian: chthonians who bond to andesite and dwell in Andarakh under the south pole. They wield hvittdogg to tunnel through the ice-filled tunnels there.
• Anghalakian: chthonians who bond to sapphire and create beautiful cities in Anghalak. They wield dumaqu.
• Dohallamian: chthonians who bond to coal and mine it in Dohallam. They wield euergasia through their labor.
• Eltimoti: chthonians who bond to clay and favor trading and haggling. They wield mashoaab and dwell in Eltimot.
• Hendaralian: chthonians who bond to marble and create great wonders. They wield genesis and dwell in Hendaral under the north pole, near the Roots of the World.
• Jolthian: chthonians who bond to adobe and use it to build cities. They wield ujjval aatma in order to maintain peace and equality in their society. They dell in Jolth.
• Khezemeerian: chthonians who bond to gossan and honor the truth as the highest virtue. They wield waarheid and dwell in Khezemeer.
• Laskarian: chthonians who bond to chalcedony and use sound to communicate and shape their complex cities of tunnels and tubes. They wield sonic aether and dwell in Laskar.
• Nanhurukian: chthonians who bond to onyx and control the tunnel that leads down to the Spirit Gate in Shadowdeep. They dwell in Nanhuruk miles above and wield poarta.
• Phulskaenean: chthonians who bond to gabbro and protect an ancient ruin in which the Law is found. They dwell in Phulskaen.

The Hollow:

• Ordish: chthonians who bond to dacite and honor strength above all. They wield oalkhaylaoataa and dwell in Orday.
• Thaurgkalligan: chthonians who bond to alabaster and rule a cruel and powerful feudal state in Thaurgkall. They wield hollow energy.
• Tunbarian: chthonians who bond to batrarchite and live in a city of mirrors and images. They wield dream energy and dwell in Meduin.

The Hypogaeum:

• Braughaddruskr: chthonians who bond to greywacke and honor their history deeply. They wield kor and dwell in Braughaddrusk.
• Ennosh: chthonians who bond to blueschist and keep strict laws. They wield shavev mashkalran and dwell in Ennoshuam.
• Hrau'kharnian: chthonians who bond to sard and try to keep a simple country that maintains its status quo. They wield shebv heya and dwell in Hrau'kaharn.
• Jaugandarian: chthonians who bond to ganister and rule a terrorist-state called Jaugandaria. They weld arnum.
• Khurridan: chthonians who bond to limestone and have a city of walls and heavy gates. They wield gebvel and dwell in Khurrid.
• Nhadrokharian: chthonians who bond to granite and have a city of huge structures. They wield cu'ucuch'ik and dwell in Nhadrokhar.

The Low Mines:

• Fhauldanian: chthonians who bond to bauxite and mine menab'e in Fhauldan.
• Ghaunazhgan: chthonians who bond to mica and dwell in secret in the hidden city-state of Ghaunazhg. They wield arcane shadow.
• Mandagrian: chthonians who bond to cinnabar and mine metals in the country of Mandagr. They wield bailaohu jinghua.

Shadowdeep:

• Lhohothagan: chthonians who bond to umber and dwell in the darkness of Lhohothag. They wield true shadow.

Barathrum:

• Izzellanian: chthonians who bond to slate and rule a powerful imperial country. They wield imperium and mine schwerstrum. They dwell in Izzellan.
• Mhaladanth: chthonians who bond to brimstone and dwell amongst the magma oceans in a country called Mhaladanth. They wield infernum and make deals with demons in order to survive the harsh environment.
• Nithri: chthonians who bond to basalt and dwell amongst the magma oceans in a country called Nithri. They wield ikehua lyua pele.
• Rhabradhian: chthonians who bond to opal and dwell amongst the magma oceans in a country called Rhabradh. They wield lahab al'qalb.
• Shugrammr: chthonians who bond to scoria and live in Izzellan. They are a rival nation to the Izzellanians and favor using slitna in acts of warfare.
• Ygrodasstr: chthonians who bond to skarn and dwell in Izzellan. They are a rival nation to the Izzellanians and favor using tandh to enforce a patriarchal system.

Inner Core:

• Agarthan: chthonians who bond to chert and dwell in Agartha, where they commune with viridian aether at the center of the world.

Grey Moon:

• Badhakhhav: chthonians who bond to selenium and dwell in a country called Notranjaluna. They wield lunar aether.

These are where they come from, but they can dwell anywhere.