Religious conflicts amongst the Riverkin in the wake of Starfall involving debate over the authenticity of various Divines. These conflicts were largely political--rarely did violence take place--but were seen by the Riverkin as drastic revolutions in how their people thought, felt, and acted. The Final Upheaval happened 150 years prior to the Wounds campaign and ended with the Accord of Disagreement, which was an act of acceptance of the differing views and a reconfiguring of the Hamwech.

The main factions were as follows:

The Old Order: those who felt that the status quo was acceptable and should not change. The status quo was a pantheistic view that allowed that one of the known Divines would one day bring a Messiah to the Riverkin.
The Godslayers: those who supported Mortalism.
The New Order: those who supported the so-called Theoreticals, Divines-in-potentia that the Riverkin scholars speculated on in the wake of Starfall.
The Fallen Order: those who either thought that Balance was dead, or all the gods were dead (their views shifted).
The Assumptives: those who supported the philosophy that all possible gods should be assumed until proven extant or non-extant.
The Continuance: those who wanted to continue the Waiting, the ancient belief that a god would come to the Riverkin from outside the known Divines.
The Arbitration: those who called for a return to the worship of the Arbiter.
The Purged: those who supported one of the Eight Blasphemous philosophies. These remain outlawed: Rejection of the Divine, Warlockism, Contradiction, Baalism, Devil Worship, Stillbirth, Bone-Worship, and Messianic Acceptance (i.e., allowing that the Messiahs of the past were the Messiahs of the Riverkin).

Minor factions existed and continue to exist. The Accord of Disagreement (literally an agreement to disagree) allowed that all but the Purged were allowed, and that belief would be determined tribe-by-tribe.