The Lithosphere is the shallowest underground realm, basically the caves and caverns of the crust and upper reaches of Shem. Most of these caves are empty, normal caves, or dens or lairs for surface dwellers. A few larger caverns or networks of caverns hold nations in them.

The Chthonian Nations:

1. Lower Akazad: The mighty Kazadian nation of cthtonians stretches down all the way to Barathrum. Each segment has its own regional name, but the entirety of it is called "Akazad." The segment in the Lithosphere is called Bhau-Kazad, or Lower Akazad.
2. Dhelghor: The nation of Dhelghorian chthonians dwell in caves beneath eastern Palhur in a vertical tunnel with the city carved on the side of it.
3. Gorimalgh: The nation of Ghorimalgan chthonians dwell beneath Ansulym and have an empire to rival the ones above them.
4. Karmand: The nation of Karmandian chthonians does not delve deeply like the mighty nation of Akazad. Instead, it remains almost entirely in the Lithosphere in caves of the mountainous parts of Jesenya.
5. Furrh-Hamand: The nation of Hamandian chthonians dwell under the western mountains in Dabusen, almost entirely in the Lithosphere, where they protect the tunnel that leads downward toward the Spirit Gate, the only tunnel that does so.
6. Wyloh-Haaf: The nation of Wylohian chthonians dwell under Wymmera, also entirely in the Lithosphere, where they shape sandstone cities.

The Worm Folk Nations:

1. Nonton is a watery domain under the Dunmarsh in Palhur. Blindfish live there in tribes.
2. Bauluk is a nation of narrow tunnels ruled by the annelidan tribes.
3. Zenoth is the third worm folk nation, this one ruled by vermetic tribes under Ansulym.

Other Nations:

1. The Pit is considered part of the Lithosphere.
2. Carlith is under Mati's deserts. It is where the sandworms dwell.
3. Roots of the World are the roots of the World Tree, which span all the way down to the Inner Core.

Pink areas are the cavern nations. The big blurred one in the upper center is Lower Akazad.